One of the first questions employers ask is, “Which test should we use?” The answer depends on your industry, your positions, and whether federal rules apply. Here’s a plain-English guide to the most common options.
The 5-panel test
The 5-panel test is the most widely used workplace screen and mirrors the federally required DOT panel. It typically covers:
- Marijuana (THC)
- Cocaine
- Amphetamines, including methamphetamine and MDMA
- Opioids, including codeine, morphine, heroin metabolite, and certain semi-synthetic opioids such as oxycodone and hydrocodone
- Phencyclidine (PCP)
For DOT-regulated positions, this federally defined panel is required. You cannot add or remove drugs from a DOT test.
The 10-panel test
A 10-panel test adds substances that a 5-panel does not cover. Common additions include:
- Benzodiazepines, such as sedatives and anti-anxiety medications
- Barbiturates
- Methadone
- Propoxyphene
- Other drug classes depending on the lab configuration
Many employers in healthcare, security, and other sensitive roles choose a 10-panel because prescription drug misuse can impair judgment just as illegal drugs can.
Expanded panels
Some employers need even broader coverage. Expanded panels may include fentanyl, tramadol, synthetic opioids, or other substances of concern. Fentanyl in particular has become a major focus for employers because standard panels may not detect it.
Things to consider
- Federal rules: DOT positions must use the DOT panel and procedures.
- Job duties: Safety-sensitive roles often warrant broader panels.
- State law: Some states limit or shape how marijuana results can be used.
- Budget: Broader panels cost more, so some employers use different panels for different positions.
Rapid or lab-based?
Both 5-panel and 10-panel options are available as rapid on-site kits or lab-based tests. Rapid kits give quick preliminary results; lab tests with Medical Review Officer review provide confirmed, defensible results.
Get guidance from Elite Services
Elite Services Workplace Screening offers 5-panel and 10-panel tests, rapid kits, and lab-confirmed testing nationwide. We’ll help you match the right panel to each position.
Ready to protect your workplace? Elite Services Workplace Screening provides nationwide drug testing, DOT compliance, background searches, MVRs, and E-Verify. Call 888-738-9297 or contact us online to get started.
This article is for general information only and is not legal advice. Laws and regulations change; consult qualified counsel about your specific situation.